The Adament Patriot Footnotes

(1) General Advertiser, 2 October 1790

(2) Tagg, James D. “The Limits of Republicanism: The Reverend Charles Nisbet, Benjamin Franklin Bache, and the French Revolution.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 1988 112 (4), p. 533.

(3) General Advertiser, 2 October 1790

(4) Bache, Benjamin Franklin. Proposals for Publishing a News-Paper, to be Entitled The Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia, 1790).

(5) Tagg, James D. “The Limits of Republicanism: The Reverend Charles Nisbet, Benjamin Franklin Bache, and the French Revolution.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 1988 112 (4), p. 539.

(6) General Advertiser, 27 October 1791

(7) General Advertiser, 3 May 1792

(8) Smith, Jeffery A. Franklin and Bache: Envisioning the Enlightened Republic. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. p. 135.

(9) Aurora, 8 November 1794

(10) Aurora, 29 January 1795

(11) Aurora, 8 September 1795

(12) Tagg, James D. “The Limits of Republicanism: The Reverend Charles Nisbet, Benjamin Franklin Bache, and the French Revolution.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 1988 112 (4), p. 539.

(13) Aurora, 17 December 1796

(14) Smith, Jeffery A. Franklin and Bache: Envisioning the Enlightened Republic. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. p. 147.

(15) Bache, Benjamin Franklin. Remarks Occasioned by the Late Conduct of Mr. Washington (Philadelphia, 1797).

(16) Tagg, James. Benjamin Franklin Bache and the Philadelphia Aurora. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991. p. 287.

(17) Bache, Benjamin Franklin. Remarks Occasioned by the Late Conduct of Mr. Washington (Philadelphia, 1797).

(18) Aurora, 21 December 1796

(19) Callender, James T. Sketches of the History of America. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Snowden & McCorkle, 1798. p. 232.

(20) Aurora, 14 March 1797

(21) Aurora, 11 March 1797

(22) Aurora, 18 March 1797

(23) Aurora, 14 March 1797

(24) Aurora, 20 March 1797

(25) Aurora, 22 February 1797

(26) Aurora, 30 March 1797

(27) Aurora, 24 April 1797

(28) Aurora, 17 May 1797

(29) Aurora, 20 May 1797

(30) Aurora, 19 May 1797

(31) Aurora, 5 May 1797

(32) Aurora, 2 June 1797

(33) Aurora, 6 June 1797

(34) Mitchell, Stewart, ed. New Letters of Abigail Adams, 1788-1801. Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1947. p. 172.

(35) Washington, H.A. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson IV. New York, New York: J. C. Riker, 1856. p. 237.

(36) Annals of Congress, 5th Congress, 2nd Session.

(37) Aurora, 27 June 1798

(38) Aurora, 27 June 1798

(39) Aurora, 22 August 1798

(40) Aurora, 3 July 1798

(41) Aurora, 14 July 1798

(42) Aurora, 3 July 1798

(43) Aurora, 16 July 1798

(44) Aurora, 23 July 1798

(45) Tagg, James. Benjamin Franklin Bache and the Philadelphia Aurora. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991. p. 375.

(46) Franklin and Bache Collections, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.

(47) Smith, Jeffery A. Franklin and Bache: Envisioning the Enlightened Republic. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. p. 164.

(48) Franklin and Bache Collections, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.

(49) Smith, Jeffery A. “The Enlightenment Education of Benjamin Franklin Bache.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 1988 112 (4), p. 500.

(50) For this view of Bache as a radical partisan, see: Willard Bleyer, Main Currents in the History of American Journalism; John Miller, Crisis in Freedom: The Alien and Sedition Acts; George Henry Payne, History of Journalism in the United States; James Tagg, Benjamin Franklin Bache and the Philadelphia Aurora; James Tagg, “Benjamin Franklin Bache’s Attack on George Washington,” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 1976 100 (2), p.191-230. For a view of Bache as an independent and not so intensely partisan, see: Jeffery Smith, Franklin and Bache: Envisioning the Enlightened Republic; Arthur Scherr, “Inventing the Patriot President: Bache’s Aurora and John Adams,” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 1995 119 (4), p.369-399.